Essay on Reagan’s Economic Policy - 1121 Words

As President, Ronald Reagan encountered many significant events; from surviving an assassination attempt, to the space shuttle Challenger disaster. Perhaps the most significant event was the economic downturn. He came to office (much like President Obama) in the midst of an economic crisis; however, President Reagan was able to turn the economy around. How did he do this? In order to answer this question, you must first ask what the economy was like when he was sworn into office, how his policy changed from the prior administration’s policy, and how it contrasts our present economic policy. Prior to Reagan’s inauguration the country was suffering from double-digit inflation, high interest rates, high unemployment, oil shortages, and†¦show more content†¦Within seven years the wealthy had more money, but could also afford to give better pensions and pay raises. He reduced income tax from the top bracket 70% down to 28% spurring growth from the top on down and vice versa. This gave some people who lived in poverty a view that Reagan was indifferent to their struggles. This may have seemed the case but growth did happen, and hopefully those critics found jobs; however, driving to those jobs still pinched the pocket book a bit due to the energy crisis at that time. With the tax cuts on high income nationwide, oil companies were still paying on Windfall taxes. This was started by the previous administration where oil companies were taxed on the excess of profits they made. Oil companies raised prices due to production cost, supply, and demand. Reagan s ought to decrease the oil windfall profits tax in order to eliminate the energy crisis that happened only a few years earlier. In 1988 he ended the Windfalls profits tax all together. He wanted to provide government as a service to the states and people of those states. Businesses did not need to worry about taxes from this and taxes from that. In short he wanted the Nation to see less government. President Reagan wanted America to govern itself. He felt that when some prosper it would trickle down to all. He especially did not believe in big government spending programs. With his less government viewsShow MoreRelatedEconomic Policies Implemented During President Reagans Administration From 1981-19891313 Words   |  6 Pages Reaganomics refers to economic policies implemented during President Reagan’s administration from 1981-1989. The main ideology of Reaganomics was conservation which promoted that â€Å"government is the problem, not solution†. That means, society and market would function better with limited government power and regulations. Accordingly, Social wealth was distributed by unrestricted market, and profits that capitalists earned would trickle down to the bottom of society. In this way, people were in chargeRead MoreImpact of Reaganomics on the American Economy 1014 Words   |  5 PagesKeynesian economics to pull itself out of this low. During the election of 1980, Ronald Reagan’s campaign focused on a new stream of economic policy. His objective was to turn the economy into â€Å"a healthy, vigorous, growing economy [which would provide] equal opportunities for all Americans, with no barriers born of bigotry or discrimination.† Reagan’s policy, later known as ‘Reaganomics’, entailed a four-point plan which cut taxes, reduced government spending, created anti-inflationary policy, and deregulatedRead MorePresident Reagan Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesCarr Professor Blodgett History 271 May 14 2013 Social Darwinism Shaping Reaganomics Ronald Reagan made many economic decisions that supported his beliefs in Social Darwinism throughout his presidency. Social Darwinism is considered to be the ideas of struggle for existence and  Ã¢â‚¬Å"survival of the fittest,† a term coined by Herbert Spencer in order  to justify social policies. Over time the individuals with superior biological characteristics will dominate populations that this super speciesRead MoreThe Significance of Ronald Reagans Tax Reform Act of 1986979 Words   |  4 Pagesthe significance of Ronald Reagan’s Tax Reform Act of 1986 in the overall decrease of unemployment levels during the last year of his presidency, 1989. Reagan’s Tax Reform Act is analyzed in comparison to other economic and political events taking place during his presidency; the Act’s policies and implementations are investigated and evaluated for their effectiveness in economic recovery, the role of the Keynesian economic cycle during his presidency, an d the policies of previous presidencies thatRead MoreRonald Reagan and Economic Policies1030 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Ronald Reagan and Economic Policies History 145 Jennifer Moore Ronald Reagan, President of the United States from 1981 through 1989, created economic policies throughout his presidency that aimed to pull the United States out of a recession. His policies, called Reaganomics, reduced government spending and reduced tax rates in order to foster economic growth. Reagan also appointed many conservative judges to the Supreme Court and federal courts in order to shift ideologiesRead MoreReaganomics and Its Effect on Minority Groups1519 Words   |  7 PagesThe most noteworthy component of Ronald Reagan’s two terms as leader of the free world are the laws, regulations, and policies passed under his two terms as President of the United States. These regulations soon became known as â€Å"Reaganomics†, a term that is still used today to describe these policies. Hidden underneath the manufactured depiction of Reaganomics policies by mass media lies a controversial observation: these policies may have created a permanent shift in American society which, asRead MoreThe Life And Career Of Ronald Reagan1686 Words   |  7 PagesStates of America in 1980. Became one of the most beloved and revered President in modern times. He’s most known for bringing the end to the Cold War and helping bring an end to major communist activities in the world. There were several of Reagan’s policies that had an impact on ending the Cold War. In order to bring down the Soviet Union and end the Cold War for good, Reagan came up with the Reagan Doctrine, built up our military, and used his quick wit and humor to demean the USSR’s communistRead MoreRonald Reagan Essay1145 Words   |  5 Pagesgrowth and lastly, he restored the traditional spirit of can-do optimism to the American people who in the late 1970s were dispirited. These three historic proceedings successfully improved American prosperity and peace through strength, elevating Reagan’s presidency to that of American exceptionalism. Ronald Reagan came to the Presidency without any major political qualifications, but his victory in the Cold War was no lucky outcome. Dinesh DSouza’s new book, Ronald Reagan: How an Ordinary Man BecameRead MoreReag A Successful Presidency1557 Words   |  7 PagesSince Reagan experienced such a successful presidency, due to his conservative policies accomplishing their goals, many liberal-minded people switched their views. After the conservative success of the early and mid-eighties, the amount of people who views themselves as liberals decreased. In a 1996 poll, â€Å"only 10 percent of Democratic voters identified themselves as ‘liberals’—that is, people who want economic redistribution† (Hannaford). This fact itself showed that people who once believedRead MoreEssay about The Reagan Tax Cuts And Foreign Policy1376 Words   |  6 PagesCuts and Foreign Policy nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the 1980s President Ronald Reagans (our 40th president from 1981 to 1989) domestic policy of a substantial tax cut led to greatly increased economic prosperity for our country. During Reagans administration marked changes were made to the tax code and economic statistics showed a major change for the better. However, at the same time, the Democrats controlled the Congress and continued increased spending against Reagans wishes. The Joint

Walden, Economy Study Guide Questions - 1223 Words

Name: Rosie Daly Group: Red Group â€Å"The Interesting’s† Walden, Economy Study Guide Questions – 1: p. 7-22 Have you ever departed early to your destination to account for the possibility of getting lost? Using this metaphor, please remember Murphy’s Law - Anything that can go wrong will go wrong - and don’t wait until the last minute to complete this assignment. All work must be typed, using a 10 pt. font, and is due at the beginning of class. This assignment is to be completed individually. Students are not to share answers. If downloading this assignment from Edline, please feel free to copy/paste the questions and type your answers below them. If answering directly from hard copy, you do not have to retype the question; however, all responses are to be written in complete sentences. These are not short answer; they require much thought and several sentences each. 1. Why does Thoreau say that he is writing his account of living at Walden Pond? In the first paragraph, Thoreau says he was asked questions by many townspeople, about what he ate, did he feel isolated and many others. Thoreau insists that Walden Pond did not feel isolated, and it was easy to live in simplicity. He is writing his account of living at Walden Pond to defend and educate people who would like to know, about his stay and way of life. 2. In what point of view (1st, second, or third) is Walden written, and what is Thoreau’s reason for this? Walden is written in a 1st personShow MoreRelatedNokia-Talent Management1750 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1 Introduction Effects of Globalization The battles for talent, recession, inadequate succession planning, brain-drain are all the effects, of a shrinking global economy and globalization, which present both threats and opportunities to companies. With companies striving to obtain a competitive advantage in the global market place, the shortage of appropriate skill-sets by individuals to meet unique requirements, is becoming more problematic. Holbeche (2009:3) states: â€Å"Talent andRead More The Demons Within Essay4158 Words   |  17 Pagespsychologist, B.F. Skinner in his novel, Walden Two (1948). Well written and entertaining, Walden Two is directed to the layman rather than to the professional psychologist. It concerns a fictitious intentional community of 1,000 started by one Frazier (no first name or title ever mentioned) who applies the tools of behavioral modification to make of Walden Two the best of all possible worlds. 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We are thankful for her constant guidanceRead MoreHumanities11870 Words   |  48 Pagesâ€Å"humanitas† †¢ It generally refers to art, literature, music, architecture, dance and the theatre—in which human subjectivity is emphasized and individual expressiveness is dramatized. HOW IMPORTANT IS HUMANITIES †¢ The fields of knowledge and study falling under humanities are dedicated to the pursuit of discovering and understanding the nature of man. †¢ The humanities deal with man as a being of purpose, of values, loves, hates, ideas and sometimes as seer or prophet with divine inspirationRead MoreDigital vs Print21238 Words   |  85 Pagesthe position of online publishers as well as traditional publishers. This thesis therefore provides the reader with an insight on the implications of digital media over the printed media and the challenges faced by print media industries today. It studies methods that are improved, efficient and cost effective in the production of digital or printed content and at the same time offer a competitive advantage from direct or indirect competitors. 1.2 Motivation The motivation for this thesis comesRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesnumber of key questions that logically follow each other in the context of strategic marketing management: 1 Where are we now? 2 Where do we want to be? 3 How might we get there? 4 Which way is best? 5 How can we ensure arrival? The themes of planning, implementing and controlling marketing activities are reflected in the answers to these questions – as offered in the eighteen chapters which follow. The structure of the book is designed to take the reader through each of the questions in turn. The

Puritan women8217s place in society during Colonia Essay Example For Students

Puritan women8217s place in society during Colonia Essay l AmericaThe Puritan Revolution of 17th-century in America endorsed an intimate classification of women with domestic life that achieve a wide acceptance throughout the 18th century. Women were thus locked in the â€Å"created† domestic sphere while men were busy in the political sphere. However, Anne Hutchinson was a religious dissenter and she challenged the Puritan principle of conformity with religious laws was a symbol of godliness and that the Bible as the sole source of those laws. Nevertheless, Hester was a feminist and she challenged the Puritan belief of women belonging in the â€Å"cult of domesticity.†Up to this time, Puritan women were very restricted to life at home and therefore judged as inferior to men. For example, in my research I found that women were sent to the colonies as â€Å"prospective wives† for the settlers and the women lived in homes with married couples where they would receive suitors if they chose (source 1, 24). This exhibits ho w women did not come to America for the same reason as men did because the men came here for religious, economical reasons, or more. Nevertheless, women were immigrating to America to be the wives of the settlers; this demonstrates that women were expected to live in the household for the rest of their lives. In addition, in The Scarlet Letter, as Hester is standing on the scaffold in the beginning of the book, â€Å"a judge, a general, and the minister of the town; all of whom sat or stood in a balcony of the meeting house, looking down upon the platform of the spectacle without risking the majesty or reverence of rank and office†¦(55)† This shows how men are looking down at Hester implying that she is inferior. The reason they stand on a balcony is to protect their â€Å"majesty or reverence of rank and office† since they think their reputation will be ruined if they are at the same level as women. Hence, women were separated into a different realm from men and they were â€Å"known† to be lower than men are. The strict standards of Puritan life were attacked by early feminists who were once Puritan. For instance, Anne Hutchinson believed that people under a â€Å"covenant of grace† could commune directly with God. This was an outrage for the Puritans because if people can talk to God directly then there would be no need for religion. Puritanism would fall apart because no one would go to church anymore. Furthermore in the scarlet letter, Hester believed that a time will come when â€Å"a new truth would be revealed, in order to establish the whole relation between man and woman on a surer ground of mutual happiness.† This depicts that Hester was a feminist throughout the book and realized that women can be independent. Hester states that she imagined herself to be a prophetess because she had been stained with sin but now she is pure and a â€Å"new grave† was built. Therefore, the Puritan religion was giving away to the forces of early feminists. The Puritan woman’s place in society was in the household. This ideology set the standard for many years. Nevertheless, women such as Hester in the Scarlet Letter and Anne Hutchinson broke free from the â€Å"domestic sphere.†Bibliography:Sources1. Lukes, Bonnie L. Colonial America: World History Series. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2000. 2. Dudley, William, ed. Puritanism: Opposing viewpoints. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1994. 3. Zeichner, Oscar. â€Å"Hutchinson, Anne.† Grolier Encyclopedia. International ed. 1999.

Kurt Cobain Essays - Kurt Cobain, Courtney Love, Eldon Hoke

Kurt Cobain On April 9th the world woke up to the news of Kurt Cobain's suicide. Those who followed the grundge music of Cobain's band, Nirvana, were angry, but not surprised. With songs such as "I Hate Myself and Want to Die" and constant references to suicide and drugs, suicide was the obvious explanation for his death. Kurt put it best when he said, "I'm thought of as this pissy, complaining, freaked-out schizophrenic who wants to kill himself all the time." (Bozza) To many people, Cobain just joined the club of rock stars who self-destructed. Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, Jim Morrison, and Brian Jones set the precedent. The Seattle Police Department confirmed the conclusion everyone had already made; Kurt Cobain committed suicide. Sympathy was hard to find. After his death, Kurt was called a "worthless shred of human debris" by Rush Limbaugh. (Amirault). Even Cobain's fans were not sympathetic to the pain Kurt suffered at all. They were mad. At his vigil, the crowd chanted "a**hole" because they thought of Kurt as a coward. (Jones) Cobain already had undergone a near-death experience in Rome earlier in the year that may or may not have been a suicide attempt in which Cobain digested nearly fifty pills called Rohypnol. He also locked himself in a room with a .38 caliber pistol and said he was going to kill himself after a dispute. Kurt Cobain was also notorious for hating his fame. He was once quoted as saying, "I'd rather be dead than cool." (Jones) Kurt Cobain also had stomach pains that sometimes caused him to vomit air because he could not even hold down water. Cobain's marriage and band were both on the brink of breaking up. The pieces of the puzzle seem to fit together perfectly. The suicide note, the pain, the history of Kurt Cobain, and the attitude everyone perceived Kurt possessed pointed to suicide. Neither Kurt Cobain's character nor what he did previous to this incident is in question. It is true that Cobain was a heroin addict and times could be a malicious person. The question is whether Kurt Cobain committed suicide or not. It is extraordinarily simple to overlook the facts in this case and dismiss it as another rocker who couldn't handle the spotlight, but as new evidence demonstrates Kurt Cobain not only didn't commit suicide, but was not even able to. In fact, his own wife, Courtney Love had him killed in order to capitalize on the spotlight Kurt Cobain's death caused. To the public, Kurt Cobain appeared suicidal. To those who knew him, he didn't. Kurt Cobain's best friend said that Kurt was "not at all" suicidal. (Amirault) Another one of his friends, Mark Lanegan said, "I never knew Kurt to be suicidal." (Amirault) Cobain's former attorney, Rosemary Caroll, who believes Courtney Love had Kurt Cobain killed, does not believe Cobain was suicidal. Even those who would know best if Cobain was suicidal or not, the expert therapists at Exodus Treatment Center where Kurt sojourned shortly before his death, did not consider him to be suicidal. The depressed attitude of someone who commits suicide did not fit the interview Kurt gave to Rolling Stone on January 27 of that same year. Cobain said "I still see stuff, descriptions of rock stars in some magazine- 'Sting, the environmental guy' and 'Kurt Cobain, the whiny, complaining, neurotic, bitchy guy who hates everything, hates rock stardom, hates his life.' And I've never been happier in my life." As for the song, "I Hate Myself and I Want to Die" Cobain said, "Nothing more than a joke. It was totally satirical, making fun of ourselves." The article also showed a side to Kurt Cobain that not many people got to see or knew about. He tells a story in the article about going to a nightclub and meeting some people there. He invited them back to his hotel and gave them a place to stay and ordered them any food they wanted. Cobain also knew the end of Nirvana was inevitable and he was not worried about it. Courtney Love, on the other hand, was worried. Courtney Love had a lot to gain if Kurt Cobain died. She also had a lot to lose if he was still alive. Shortly before his death, Cobain asked Rosemary Caroll to start the divorce papers. Cobain's estate was worth about $30 million. Love had proved her obsession with money before when she yelled at Cobain publicly for not headlining the Lollapalooza tour for $9.5 million. With the prenuptial agreement Love

Service Quality At Holiday Inn Airport Hotel Tourism Essay Essay Example

Service Quality At Holiday Inn Airport Hotel Tourism Essay Essay Example Service Quality At Holiday Inn Airport Hotel Tourism Essay Essay Service Quality At Holiday Inn Airport Hotel Tourism Essay Essay This survey will supply an penetration into the hotel industry and the stairss being taken by them to better their relationship with their guests/customers. From the survey, one can presume the present scenario of the patterns and plans being followed by the taking participants in this sector and the stairss being followed by them to heighten the quality of the service provided at the hotel, client keeping, client satisfaction and in bend, taking to heighten net incomes and trade name image in the heads of the clients. The research is based on the client satisfaction at an airport hotel hostel refering about the breakfast provided at the hostel and the service quality. The aim behind supplying this proposal is to get the better of the hapless service quality and to larn how services can be improved. The utility of this topic is to better the quality of the service provided at the hotel and to heighten client satisfaction. Motivated employees play an of import function in bettering service quality. Hotel staff should cognize the ground behind to maintain clients happy and how to acquire motivated and besides how can they make client satisfaction in order to execute service quality. Company Profile Hotel Athithi Inn is a concern hotel situated at Ameerpet in Hyderabad. Surrounded by Ameerpet Business Center, shopping composites makes it an ideal topographic point for both corporate invitees and tourers. The hotel is connected to all the major activities in the metropolis of Hyderabad. Since it is in close propinquity to legion multinationals and big corporate most of the corporate invitees prefer to remain in this hotel. Conference halls: The hotel offers 4 halls for conferences, concern meetings or household parties or matrimonies. They have their ain professional event contrivers for any sort of event. The halls can be arranged in different ways based on the seating capacity and besides the manner they want. Extra information: Online reserve available from their site Payment type cash/credit card Room service 24 hours Check in/Check out clip 12 midday Service revenue enhancement is extra to the duties mentioned above. Literature Review In the hotel industry the cardinal factor for a successful concern is service quality. The present disposition of the quality direction in hotel industry guarantees the success of organisations and is hence the focal point of modern research in service quality in a hotel industry. Benefits originating from a high quality are reflected in a more competitory placement on the market, but besides in a better concern consequence. This statement can be proved by mensurating the addition of profitableness and market portion. The consequences of a research carried out in the USA on a sample of 2600 companies in the period between 1987 and 2002 ; demo a direct connexion between the degree of quality of goods and services and their fiscal public presentations. As a affair of fact, it was observed that all indexs of success of a company, like market portion, return on investings, belongings turnover coefficient, show significantly more value in companies with a higher degree of goods and services. The efficiency of the whole system is possible merely if we monitor and analyze the demands of the clients, every bit good as define and command the procedure and implement changeless betterments. Quality is a complex term, made up of several elements and standards. All quality elements or standards are every bit of import in order to obtain one hundred per centum quality. If merely one component of quality is losing, the complete quality of merchandise or service is impossible to obtain. Besides the mentioned general elements of quality, the merchandise or service has to fulfill specific elements of quality, harmonizing to the demands of the profession in their pertaining activity. Today quality is the consequence of turning and progressively diverse demands of the consumers, along with a extremely increasing competition, market globalisation and the development of modern engineering. Problems in service quality measurement arise from a deficiency of clear and mensurable parametric quantities for the finding of quality. It is non the instance with merchandise quality since merchandises has a particular and mensurable indexs like lastingness, figure of faulty merchandises and similar, which make it comparatively easy to find the degree of quality. Methodology Attention must be given to the preparation of a elaborate research design, which will supply pertinent information. Harmonizing to Kothari ( 2003 ) , there are two major types of research design: 1. Exploratory research aa‚Â ¬ It is chiefly discerning with the development of initial inherent aptitude or attack. 2. Conclusive research aa‚Â ¬ It is meant to verify the attacks and aid determinations. Stairss IN THE RESEARCH PROCESS This survey is descriptive in nature while it seeks to place the present scenario of the patterns being followed by the taking hotels in India for heightening client keeping, satisfaction and trueness. It non merely intended to help any participant in this field to capitalise on bing possible but besides formulate schemes in planning, planing and selling of CRM tools and plans finally taking to a better trade name image in the heads of the clients and increased grosss in the long tally. Research merely means a hunt for facts- replies to inquiries and solution to jobs. It is a purposive probe and an organized enquiry. Normally service industry is accepted as a step for modernisation of market. Most of the research plan concentrates on concentrating service industry to find the service quality. In hotel industry it is important to hold a research about the service quality management.By making study ; the practical techniques are used to find the service quality in informations analysis depending on the client satisfaction. Initially Service quality is determined by the computation of client satisfaction grade, Second through distinguishing correlativity analysis, analysis etc. few perceptive decisions are reached like Service quality of nutrient provided and the response is really of import for fulfilling clients, environment and milieus at the hotel, attenders service enterprise. For the eating houses the of import factors are Range and gustatory sensation of nutrient, supplying good service. Methods To Better Customer Satisfaction bettering client satisfaction by developing customer-centric surrounding which is comfy to give feedbacks or ailments, finding the ailments which are receive, bettering the client service engagement and committedness of the higher direction should be involved through ingestion of resources that should include staff preparation identifying and go toing the ailments of the clients finding and rating of the complaints- to better the service quality Expected Consequences and Deductions On the footing of the survey, I would wish to urge some suggestions which could be implemented productively by the hotel industry. Surveies: Conducting monthly guest/customer studies, nine studies, room remark cards, toll free invitee aid centres can assist in acquiring client feedback and to better in the countries where there is a slowdown as suggested by the feedback. Keeping suggestion boxes at every touch point/point of interaction with the clients. Taking feedback non merely from external clients but besides the internal clients i.e. , the employees. Proper cheque on the hotel staffaa‚Â ¬a„?s and processesaa‚Â ¬a„? efficiency by the direction. Using effectual CRM package to heighten the client satisfaction, lower service cost, construct client dependability and enhance grosss. Having Guest History programs- maintaining a databank of client profiles along with such inside informations as room penchants, comfortss preferred, particular petitions, repast penchants, billfold services, directing birthday cards to the loyal invitees and even their partners and giving them a hassle-free check-in procedure-like directing them pickup and bead installations.

The Texas Revolution and the Republic of Texas

The Texas Revolution and the Republic of Texas The Texas Revolution (1835–1836) was a political and military insurrection by settlers and inhabitants of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Texas against the Mexican government. Mexican forces under General Santa Anna attempted to crush the rebellion  and had victories at the legendary Battle of the Alamo and the Battle of Coleto Creek, but in the end, they were defeated at the Battle of San Jacinto and forced to leave Texas. The revolution was successful, as the present-day US state of Texas broke off from Mexico and Coahuila and formed the Republic of Texas. The Settlement of Texas In the 1820s, Mexico wished to attract settlers to the vast, sparsely populated State of Coahuila y Texas, which consisted of the present-day Mexican State of Coahuila as well as the US State of Texas. American settlers were eager to go, as the land was plentiful and good for farming and ranching, but Mexican citizens were reluctant to relocate to a backwater province. Mexico reluctantly allowed Americans to settle there, provided they became Mexican citizens and converted to Catholicism. Many took advantage of colonization projects, such as the one led by Stephen F. Austin, while others simply came to Texas and squatted on vacant land. Unrest and Discontent The settlers soon chafed under Mexican rule. Mexico had just won its independence from Spain in 1821, and there was much chaos and infighting in Mexico City as liberals and conservatives struggled for power. Most Texas settlers approved of the Mexican constitution of 1824, which granted many freedoms to states (as opposed to federal control). This constitution was later rescinded, angering the Texans (and many Mexicans as well). The settlers also wanted to split from Coahuila and form a state in Texas. The Texan settlers were initially offered tax breaks which were later taken away, causing further discontent. Texas Breaks from Mexico By 1835, troubles in Texas had reached a boiling point. Tensions were always high between Mexicans and American settlers, and the unstable government in Mexico City made things that much worse. Stephen F. Austin, long a believer in staying loyal to Mexico, was jailed without charges for a year and a half: when he was finally released, even he was in favor of independence. Many Tejanos (Texan-born Mexicans) were in favor of independence: some would go on to fight valiantly at the Alamo and other battles. The Battle of Gonzales The first shots of the Texas Revolution were fired on October 2, 1835, in the town of Gonzales. The Mexican authorities in Texas, nervous about the increased hostility with the Texans, decided to disarm them. A small squad of Mexican soldiers was sent to Gonzales to retrieve a cannon stationed there to fight off Indian attacks. The Texans in the town did not allow the Mexicans entry: after a tense standoff, the Texans fired on the Mexicans. The Mexicans swiftly retreated, and in the whole battle there was but one casualty on the Mexican side. But the war had begun and there was no going back for the Texans. The Siege of San Antonio With the outbreak of hostilities, Mexico began making preparations for a massive punitive expedition north, to be led by President/General Antonio Là ³pez de Santa Anna. The Texans knew they had to move quickly to consolidate their gains. The rebels, led by Austin, marched on San Antonio (then more commonly referred to as Bà ©xar). They laid siege for two months, during which time they fought off a Mexican sally at the Battle of Concepcià ³n. In early December, the Texans attacked the city. Mexican General Martà ­n Perfecto de Cos conceded defeat and surrendered: by December 12 all Mexican forces had left the city. The Alamo and Goliad The Mexican army arrived in Texas, and in late February laid siege to the Alamo, a fortified old mission in San Antonio. Some 200 defenders, among them William Travis, Jim Bowie, and Davy Crockett, held out to the last: the Alamo was overrun on March 6, 1836, and all within were slain. Less than a month later, about 350 rebellious Texans were captured in battle and then executed days later: this was known as the ​Goliad Massacre. These twin setbacks seemed to spell doom for the nascent rebellion. Meanwhile, on March 2, a congress of elected Texans officially declared Texas independent from Mexico. The Battle of San Jacinto After the Alamo and Goliad, Santa Anna assumed he had beaten the Texans and divided his army. Texan General Sam Houston caught up to Santa Anna on the banks of the San Jacinto River. On the afternoon of April 21, 1836, Houston attacked. Surprise was complete and the attack turned first into a rout, then into a massacre. Half of Santa Annas men were killed and most of the others were taken prisoner, including Santa Anna himself. Santa Anna signed papers ordering all Mexican forces out of Texas and recognizing the independence of Texas. The Republic of Texas Mexico would make several half-hearted attempts to re-take Texas, but after all Mexican forces left Texas following San Jacinto, they never had a realistic chance of re-conquering their former territory. Sam Houston became the first President of Texas: he would serve as Governor and Senator later when Texas accepted statehood. Texas was a republic for almost ten years, a time which was marked by many troubles, including tension with Mexico and the US and difficult relations with local Indian tribes. Nevertheless, this period of independence is looked back upon with great pride by modern Texans. Texas Statehood Even before Texas split from Mexico in 1835, there were those in Texas and the USA that were in favor of statehood in the USA. Once Texas became independent, there were repeated calls for annexation. It wasnt so simple, however. Mexico had made it clear that while it was forced to tolerate an independent Texas, annexation would likely lead to war (in fact, the US annexation was a factor in the outbreak of the 1846-1848 Mexican-American War). Other sticking points included whether slavery would be legal in Texas and the federal assumptions of Texas debts, which were considerable. These difficulties were overcome and Texas became the 28th state on December 29, 1845. Resources and Further Reading Brands, H.W. Lone Star Nation: the Epic Story of the Battle for Texas Independence. New York: Anchor Books, 2004.Henderson, Timothy J. A Glorious Defeat: Mexico and its War with the United States.New York: Hill and Wang, 2007.

Stem Cell Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Stem Cell - Research Paper Example Though one cannot forecast the results from basic research, there is enough information available to suggest that a good deal of this enthusiasm is justified. Definition of Stem Cells Stem cells are basically building block cells of a human being which are capable of becoming 210 different types of tissue. â€Å"Stem cells have traditionally been defined as not fully differentiated yet to be any particular type of cell or tissue† (Irving, 1999). Adult stem cells are found in minute numbers within most tissues, but the majority of stem cells can be obtained from the umbilical cord. A more precise term is â€Å"somatic stem cells† (Sullivan, 2004). There are numerous potential sources for stem cells. Embryonic stem cells originate from the inner cell of an early stage embryo. Embryonic germ cells can be collected from fetal tissue at a later stage of development. Adult stem cells can be obtained from mature tissues. â€Å"Even after complete maturation of an organism, ce lls need to be replaced. A good example (of adult stem cells) is blood, but this is true for muscle and other connective tissue as well, and may be true for at least some nervous system cells† (Chapman et al, 1999). ... It has been substantiated from animal research that stem cells can be differentiated into cells that will behave appropriately in their transplanted location. For example, the transplantation of stem cells following treatments for cancer has found much success for many years. â€Å"Experiments such as the transplantation of fetal tissue into the brains of Parkinson’s patients indicate that the expectation that stem cell therapies could provide robust treatments for many human diseases is a reasonable one. It is only through controlled scientific research that the true promise will be understood† (Frankel, 1999). Argument for use of aborted fetuses The moral dilemma that surrounds the prohibition of aborted fetuses is the idea of abortion itself. The former Bush administration made it very clear that it was opposed to legal abortions, in at least most circumstances, and transferred that ideology to the prohibition of embryonic stem cell research. The concept of scientifi c study of the next stage of development, the fetus, which resulted from an abortion, was unthinkable. The ideology of the past Presidential administration reflected the minority which opposes abortion and also reflects the majority that is opposed to aborted fetuses of consenting parents being used for experimentation. This reality has no basis in reason. Why would those who claim to be ‘pro-choice’ want to waste the aborted tissue? For that matter, why would pro-lifers want to witness what they believe is a living being tossed away in vain? At least its ‘life’ could have meant something to humanity in a very real way. In 1999 alone, more than 850,000 abortions were performed in the U.S.

The Blue Booby James Tate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Blue Booby James Tate - Essay Example The blue of its feet is the blue of the sky and the sea where it lives. It is a blue that holds a fascination for the bird: this blue is the best collectible(they gather the blue /objects of the world ) as well as a cherished gift (the blue satisfies her/ completely, has /a magical effect/on her). On the surface, the poem is about these birds and these birds only. No mention is made of men or women throughout, only an adroit suggestion in the line: "from her day of/ gossip and shopping", which hints at a woman, and turns the entire poem into a masterly metaphor. The initial lines , with their alliteration of "The blue booby ... bare rocks", paints a picture of utter simplicity, of a bird living on unclad rocks, who "fears nothing": "It is a simple life:/ they live on fish,/ and there are few predators". A life without hunger or fear takes away most of the predicament that plagues the human situation, and the male bird is not particularly occupied with the many quandarys of attracting a mate: "the males do not/make fools of themselves/ chasing after the young/ladies". The simple, prose-like sentences convey just the right nuance of expression, and the use of the word "ladies", emphasizes the human comparison. The simple expedient for the blue booby is to build a bower of love w... ly empty package of harsh but very popular French cigarettes, probably left by an irresponsible male tourist, or blue-beaded jewelery lost by a woman exploring the island, or even pieces of blue serge, all valuable to the booby for its blueness, but all images evocative of human presence, each with a story of its own. For instance, the term Gaulois brings to mind the French "esprit gaulois"--the Gallic spirit, a lighthearted approach to life which does not believe in taking life too seriously, much like the blue booby. Tate stays focused on the theme, and does not let the language carry him away, as happens with most lists of articles in poems. The prose poem style with each line of the list beginning with "a" helps keep a sense of cadence, while narrating the objects. The list is a characteristic part of the blue booby mating ritual, a simple offering whose only value lies in the color, in a stark contrast with the often expensive gifts given by men in order to please a existing or potential partner. The poet's tone here is remote, detached, yet amused, especially with the mention of the beaded string and empty cigarette packet. In the next few lines, Tate talks about how the blue booby has become unconcerned with external demonstrations of virility down the millenniums: "replaces the need for/dazzling plumage; in fact, in the past/ fifty million years / the male has grown/ considerably duller,/nor can he sing well". There is no striking plumage in order to gain female attention like in other male birds. This is totally unlike his human counterparts, who, as men of the world, sometimes go to great lengths to gain visual appeal in the eyes of a woman or demonstrate entertainment skills in order to attract a mate. In the next paragraph, Tate goes on to

Miep Gies Essay Example for Free

Miep Gies Essay Miep Gies (2/15/1909-1/12/2010) opposed the holocaust by aiding the Jews from the Germans. She was one of many Dutch saviors of the Holocaust. For over two years, she administered food, shelter, companionship, and news of the outside world to eight Jewish people. The Frank Family, the van Pels, and a Jewish dentist named Fritz Pfeffer were taken great care of. By virtue of her gratitude, these Jews were fortunate enough to have Miep in their lives. Miep jeopardized her own life when she assisted in hiding the eight innocent people. She brought food for them secretly and knew that there was serious trouble waiting for her if she were to get caught. Her husband, Jan Gies, also cooperated in aiding Jews. He provided ration cards that he attained illegally so Miep could get more food. She also visited various grocery shops each day to refrain from suspicion and prying among other individuals. The employees in Otto Frank’s business were not aware about the Secret Annex. Due to this, Gies attempted to avoid entering the hiding place during office hours. The hiding place is located in an empty part of Opekta’s premises on the Prinsengracht canal. It had an entrance of a regular door and then the door was replaced with a bookcase to make it less questionable. Work went on as usual and normal in the front part of the building. The frightened people were sealed in the Secret Annex near the rear. They stayed as quiet as possible so the workers and Nazis wouldn’t discover them. Gies also provided something especially valuable in their lives, companionship and news of the outside world. Since the Jews could not make any outside commotion, Miep brought them the most recent news of events during World War II. Although the news became increasingly hopeless, her hope never faded. Her and her husband’s presence helped in providing comfort towards the families. Thankfully, their companionship kept everything stable. Despite knowledge of the possible consequences, Miep was determined to keep the Jews safe from the Nazis. She accompanied the Frank family, the van Pels, and Pfeffer with food, shelter, and companionship. Gies was aware of the dangerous risks she had taken upon herself and her husband. She was more than willing to jeopardize her own life to rescue the lives of others. Miep Gies opposed the Holocaust in a way better than any other, by saving lives.

Oriental Art :: essays research papers fc

Oriental Art   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oriental Art is very unique and interesting. It is based on life all around them, nature. In Hsuan-ho hua pu classifies paintings in ten groups: „h Taoist and Buddhist (tao shih) „h Human affairs (jen wu) „h Places and other buildings (kung shih) „h Foreign tribes (fan tsu) „h Dragons and fishes (lung yu) „h Landscapes (shan shui) „h Animals (chu shou) „h Flowers and birds (hua niao) „h Ink Bamboos (mo chu) „h Vegetables and fruits (su kuo) This religious art, including portrayals of gods, stands at the head of the list and is followed by a group of paintings including portraits of legendary heroes. Group three and four also relate to men, while group five includes that fountainhead of moral virtue, the dragon. However the didactic value of the remaining categories is less apparent, and for this reason they occupy the lower half of the list. The category of Chinese painting called flowers and birds (hua niao) is to some extent cognate with European still-life painting in subject matter, yet spiritually the two have little or nothing in common. In China especially, this trait long outlived the primitive stage of human culture completely sophisticated form of picture- making. As a result, the tradition of Sung Chinese flower-and-bird painting made itself felt though out Asia. Among the Chinese themselves, flower-and-bird painting is a major form of pictorial expression, which for thousands of years has exercise their aesthetic imagination to extent comparable with, say, our European nude. Assembly of Birds can best be described in Rowland ¡Ã‚ ¦s words  ¡V a habitat group with a painted black cloth. For despite the beauty of its execution, it is as airless as a showcase in some provincial museum of natural history, in which someone has attempted to provide, for its palpably moribund occupants, a realistic setting of seashore, marsh, or tropical savannah. Paintings of bamboos are entered under the heading mo chu, or  ¡Ã‚ ¥ink bamboo ¡Ã‚ ¦. This term does not only mean bamboo painting done solely in monochrome ink; it also implies that brush and ink are used in recognizably calligraphic way, and not merely to build up forms by describing boundary lines. Paintings of bamboo done by means of outline (kou li) were not admitted as a separate category in Chinese painting; nor, theoretically at least, can be classified as mo chu. A piece of bamboo has objective existence as a percept before it has been painted, whereas a written character has none. Oriental Art :: essays research papers fc Oriental Art   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Oriental Art is very unique and interesting. It is based on life all around them, nature. In Hsuan-ho hua pu classifies paintings in ten groups: „h Taoist and Buddhist (tao shih) „h Human affairs (jen wu) „h Places and other buildings (kung shih) „h Foreign tribes (fan tsu) „h Dragons and fishes (lung yu) „h Landscapes (shan shui) „h Animals (chu shou) „h Flowers and birds (hua niao) „h Ink Bamboos (mo chu) „h Vegetables and fruits (su kuo) This religious art, including portrayals of gods, stands at the head of the list and is followed by a group of paintings including portraits of legendary heroes. Group three and four also relate to men, while group five includes that fountainhead of moral virtue, the dragon. However the didactic value of the remaining categories is less apparent, and for this reason they occupy the lower half of the list. The category of Chinese painting called flowers and birds (hua niao) is to some extent cognate with European still-life painting in subject matter, yet spiritually the two have little or nothing in common. In China especially, this trait long outlived the primitive stage of human culture completely sophisticated form of picture- making. As a result, the tradition of Sung Chinese flower-and-bird painting made itself felt though out Asia. Among the Chinese themselves, flower-and-bird painting is a major form of pictorial expression, which for thousands of years has exercise their aesthetic imagination to extent comparable with, say, our European nude. Assembly of Birds can best be described in Rowland ¡Ã‚ ¦s words  ¡V a habitat group with a painted black cloth. For despite the beauty of its execution, it is as airless as a showcase in some provincial museum of natural history, in which someone has attempted to provide, for its palpably moribund occupants, a realistic setting of seashore, marsh, or tropical savannah. Paintings of bamboos are entered under the heading mo chu, or  ¡Ã‚ ¥ink bamboo ¡Ã‚ ¦. This term does not only mean bamboo painting done solely in monochrome ink; it also implies that brush and ink are used in recognizably calligraphic way, and not merely to build up forms by describing boundary lines. Paintings of bamboo done by means of outline (kou li) were not admitted as a separate category in Chinese painting; nor, theoretically at least, can be classified as mo chu. A piece of bamboo has objective existence as a percept before it has been painted, whereas a written character has none.

A Balance Between Nomothetic and Idiographic Approaches Essay

The idiographic and nomothetic approaches in psychology are often regarded as representing opposing and conflicting positions about how best to study people, especially intelligence and personality. However, the two may be seen as complementary, with both necessary to gain a fuller understanding of human beings. The idiographic approach focuses on: ‘the individual and recognises the uniqueness of the person in terms of their experiences, feelings, developmental history, aspirations and motivations in life, and the values and moral codes by which they live’. The word idiograph comes from the Greek word idios, meaning ‘own’ or ‘private’. Hence the idiographic approach in psychology is concerned with the private, subjective and unique aspects of a person and employs methods of inquiry which provide information about subjective experiences. The idiographic approach is characterised by qualitative methods of investigation. Qualitative methods include unstructured interviews, case studies, self report measures, introspection, and the psychoanalytic techniques of free association and dream analysis. The idiographic approaches is holistic and places great value on the individual’s conscious experiences. The humanistic perspective in psychology perhaps best exemplifies the idiographic approach. Freudian psychoanalysis can also be said to adopt an idiographic approach as he did not use any scientific method to test or find evidence for his theoretical claims. Approach The nomothetic approach in psychology focuses on: ‘similarities between people and attempts to establish general laws of behaviour and thought that can be applied to large populations of people, or indeed to all people’ The word nomothetic comes from Greek words nomos, meaning ‘law’. Hence, the nomothetic approach is most closely aligned with the scientific approaches in psychology. This means that it uses scientific methods of investigation, particularly experiments, to test hypotheses that are derived from theories about human behaviour and thought. The nomothetic approach adopts a reductionist viewpoint, placing great value on objectivity and replication. The behaviourist, cognitive ad biological perspectives best exemplify the nomothetic approach. Freudian theory also attempts to establish laws or rules about human beings, for example the psychosexual stages and the Oedipus complex. Freud believed these were applicable to all and the theory is nomothetic in this respect. Background Humanistic psychology adopt a more idiographic approach, seeking the more unique aspects of individuals, rather than producing generalised laws of behaviour that apply to everyone. It highlighted the value of more individualistic and idiographic methods of study, particularly in areas of personality and abnormalities. Classification manuals like the DSM-IV, which lists the essential behavioural criteria of diagnosing autism, adopts a nomothetic approach and classify people according to particular type of disorders. Traditionally, the idiographic and nomothetic approaches are seen as conflicting, with the implication that as a psychologist you can only operate from one of these positions. Cronbach (1957) identified this potential source of conflict between psychologists about how best to study the nature of what it is to be human. If the psychologist seeks to develop theories that apply to large populations then the nomothetic approach is preferable. If, however, the psychologist is interested in the uniqueness of a person, then the idiographic approach is the one to adopt. Subjective experience The idiographic approach is often regarded as non-scientific, as subjective experience cannot be empirically tested and it is difficult to generalise from detailed subjective knowledge about a person. Some psychologists argue that scientific principles can be applied to study the uniqueness of individuals and the norms and rules by which a specific person operates can be identified. The idiographic approach can be used to study topics such as privation which are relatively rare and depends upon the circumstances surrounding the individual. Most evidence for effects of privation has come from case studies of children who have been raised in conditions of neglect. The case of Genie (Curtiss, 1977) suggests that severe privation has permanent effects. At the age of 13 years she was unable to speak, physically underdeveloped and showed inappropriate emotional responses. Despite fostering and intellectual stimulation, Genie apparently never recovered from her years of privation, although there was a suggestion that other factors may have contributed to her problems. Koluchova’s longitudinal study followed the long-term development of twin boys who had suffered severe privation in early childhood showed that children who have experienced severe privation seem able to overcome the effects of their early suffering with appropriate treatment and care. As such the nomothetic approach would be unsuitable and unable to gather any information which would contribute towards our understanding of the topic. The two approaches can be complementary as the idiographic approach can shed further light on a general law of behaviour established through a nomothetic approach. Idiographic research may disprove a general law of behaviour. For example nomothetic research supported the idea of a multi-store model of memory with information flowing through the STM to LTM. However case studies of patients with brain damage suggest that the multi-store model is over-simplified. A patient known as KF suffered brain damage following a motorcycle accident, and underwent brain surgery. Some years later he was found to have normal LTM storage but an STM capacity of only two items. If STM was necessary for the transfer of information to LTM, then KF’s LTM should also be affected. As a consequence, further models of memory have been proposed and tested. On the other hand, idiographic findings can lead to large scale research. Piaget used the idiographic approach gaining rich and detailed information about the development of his own children’s thinking. These finding inspired further nomothetic research and theories into cognitive development were developed. Scientific approach Both approaches can contribute to the scientific approach – the aim of science are to â€Å"understand and describe† which corresponds to the idiographic approach and to â€Å"predict and control† which corresponds to the nomothetic approach. The nomothetic approach generalise findings e. g. in terms of the primacy and recency effects, more words are recalled from the beginning and the end of the list, irrespective of the length of the list. However an idiographic approach could be used to find the different techniques that people have used to recall the items In contemporary psychology, the idiographic-nomothetic debate is still an important distinction. Attempts have been made to bring the two approaches together in an interactionist model (Bandura, 1986), but no influential solution has been found. It could be argued that the strengths of one approach compensate for the limitations of the other and so both approaches are needed for a complete study of psychology. The nomothetic approach has helped psychology to become scientific by developing laws and theories of human behaviour that can be empirically tested. This approach attempts to determine laws and common characteristics for all people or large groups of people in a culture. It also helps to combine biological and social aspects of a person. However, the focus on general laws and theories neglects the subjective and unique experiences of the person. The extensive use of controlled laboratory experiment means that there is a problem of generalisation to everyday life. Some psychologists also argued that this approach overemphasises the similarities between people and gives little attention to differences. Alternatively, the idiographic approach focuses on the subjective experiences of the person making the individual feeling valued and unique. Each person is valued as an individual rather than seen as one amongst many. Conclusion This approach provides detailed psychohistories and attempts to understand the many influences on how they come to be as they are. Humanistic psychology uses an idiographic approach to enable people to develop their full potential. However, this approach largely neglects biological, especially genetic influences.

Australia

Ukraine-Russia conflict effect on global commodity prices. There are Domestic Economic Risks, Business Investment- Transition from large drop- off of committed investment. Exports- Project delays, delayed production ramp-up Labor Demand- Weaker labor market conditions from declining resources investment.Housing- Growth will be weaker if dwelling investment does not recover strongly as forecast. Australia has an abundant and diverse range of energy resources. It has very large coal resources that underpin exports and low-cost domestic electricity production, ore than one third of the world's known uranium resources, and substantial conventional gas and coal seam gas resources. These can support Australia's domestic needs and exports for many years to come.Identified resources of crude oil, condensate and liquefied petroleum gas are more limited and Australia is increasingly reliant on imports for transport fuels. The expected advances in technology by 2030 will allow them to make a gr owing contribution to Australia's future energy supply. By this time Australia's energy consumption pattern is expected to change significantly. While fossil fuels (coal, oil and increasingly gas) will intention to dominate the energy mix, renewable energy sources, notably wind, are expected to become increasingly more significant.Korea is Australia's fourth-largest trading partner, and Australia is Koreans seventh largest trading-partner, with trade volumes of approximately $30 billion in 2013, so it's not surprising that both countries are trying to conclude a Korea-Australia Free Trade Agreement (FAT). Given the fact that the energy and resources sector accounts for nearly half of that, it will be particularly important for industry participants to understand the main opportunities that will arise once the FAT is finalized. Lion of iron ore and concentrates, $1. Billion of crude petroleum and $700 million of liquefied natural gas. Koreans largest export to Australia was refined p etroleum, coming in at approximately $3 billion. Official estimates are that Australia provides approximately 75% of Koreans iron ore and around 40% of its coal. According to the Australian Government, the FAT could increase trade between the two countries by 23% by 2030, with 17% attributable to an increase in the trade of energy and resources products. This FAT will improve Australia-Korea economic ties and will protect Post-crisis environment.

Free Essays on Othello Essay

Othello Essay Characters play an important role in assisting playwrights in developing themes. In Shakespeare’s Othello the characters play an essential role in being able to communicate the themes of the play and how they are relevant to their society. Othello tells the story of a black man marrying a white woman, whom he murders because he becomes convinced that she is unfaithful. In the text, the characters and their responses to one another inform the audience of the importance of themes, such as class, power and relationships. Through the use of character in Othello, Shakespeare is enabled to communicate the differences in class, power and relationships in relation to society. The character of Iago is used to portray the power in his relationship with Othello. Othello is a powerful military figure, he commands like a â€Å"full soldier†. He is a respected general in the army, being called a â€Å"worthy governor† for the commission of Cyprus. As a soldier, Othello is impenetrable to Iago, so for Iago to destroy Othello, he must find a vulnerability for Othello. By finding Othello’s vulnerability, his relationship with Desdemona, Iago shows he has a great understanding of people. Othello says that Iago â€Å"knows all qualities with a learned spirit of human dealings.† By being able to recognize Othello’s weakness, Iago shows himself to be perceptive and intelligent. Iago then uses this information to manipulate Othello, whispering ideas of Desdemona’s infidelity, subtly suggesting and implying that Desdemona was in a relationship with Cassio, â€Å"Look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio.† Iago then further cements the idea in Othello’s mind, using his cunning to manipulate circumstantial events, making Othello jealous and desiring to kill Desdemona. By being able to manipulate Othello, Iago shows the difference of power in their relationship, not physically, but mentally, in favour of Iago as he is able to co... Free Essays on Othello Essay Free Essays on Othello Essay Othello Essay Characters play an important role in assisting playwrights in developing themes. In Shakespeare’s Othello the characters play an essential role in being able to communicate the themes of the play and how they are relevant to their society. Othello tells the story of a black man marrying a white woman, whom he murders because he becomes convinced that she is unfaithful. In the text, the characters and their responses to one another inform the audience of the importance of themes, such as class, power and relationships. Through the use of character in Othello, Shakespeare is enabled to communicate the differences in class, power and relationships in relation to society. The character of Iago is used to portray the power in his relationship with Othello. Othello is a powerful military figure, he commands like a â€Å"full soldier†. He is a respected general in the army, being called a â€Å"worthy governor† for the commission of Cyprus. As a soldier, Othello is impenetrable to Iago, so for Iago to destroy Othello, he must find a vulnerability for Othello. By finding Othello’s vulnerability, his relationship with Desdemona, Iago shows he has a great understanding of people. Othello says that Iago â€Å"knows all qualities with a learned spirit of human dealings.† By being able to recognize Othello’s weakness, Iago shows himself to be perceptive and intelligent. Iago then uses this information to manipulate Othello, whispering ideas of Desdemona’s infidelity, subtly suggesting and implying that Desdemona was in a relationship with Cassio, â€Å"Look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio.† Iago then further cements the idea in Othello’s mind, using his cunning to manipulate circumstantial events, making Othello jealous and desiring to kill Desdemona. By being able to manipulate Othello, Iago shows the difference of power in their relationship, not physically, but mentally, in favour of Iago as he is able to co...

Is the ACT Getting Harder Over the Years

Is the ACT Getting Harder Over the Years SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Is the ACT of today the same test that was given years ago? According to students and test experts, the ACT has gradually been getting harder over the years, both in the level of its questions and its fast pace. So what does the ACT have to say about these claims? Is the ACT hard now more than ever before? And what exactly do people think is getting more difficult on this already challenging test? The Times: Are They A-Changin'? So ACT, Inc. hasn't said the test has gotten more difficult over the years. But students and ACTexperts beg to disagree. Jed Applerouth of Applerouth Tutoring Services, for instance, says that the changes are so pronounced as to make the ACT, and especially the Science section, a completely different test. According to Applerouth, the Science section is much more time intensive and features multi-phase questions like never before. For instance, older questions would direct youto a specific piece of data within a graph, table, or chart. Newer questions, on the other hand, have additional steps. After finding the information, youthen have to apply it to a chart and use another value to determine youranswer. Rather than quick questions that get to the point on the Science section, there are a lot of these kinds of questions with multiple steps that require youto combine skills and concepts from various fields. While these questions used to stand alone and apart from one another, now there are lotsthat are intertwined. This style has mostly shown up in the Science section, making it harder to answer all the questions before time is called, but harder questions have also been seen in Reading. Some ACT Reading sections have featured double passages, similar to the ones on the SAT. Older ACT practice tests usually don't prepare youfor these paired passage questions, where you have to compare, contrast, and interpret authors' perspectives relative to each other. In addition to these increasingly complex questions, the ACT will feature some other changes soon. The optional essay will be 40 minutes long and will ask you to analyze different perspectives and present and support your own argument. The Science section may feature more data representation questions, or at least make the numbers of each question type unpredictable. The ACT used to always ask the same number of data representation, research summary, and conflicting viewpoints questions in Science, a consistency that helped a lot of students feel prepared. Future tests will be less predictable. Finally, the Reading section will incorporate paired passages, which feature questions that may take you more time to answer. So if, as most people agree, the ACT really has been getting harder and more fast-paced in the past few years, what would be the reasons behind this change? Hint: it has to do with the ACT getting super popular. Why Would the ACT Be Getting More Difficult? The main reason the ACT may have undergone changes in the past few years is its increasing popularity among students,both in the U.S. and internationally. Historically, more students in the Midwest took the ACT, and it usually lagged behind the SAT as the admissions test of choice. But for the first time in 2011, more students took the ACT than the SAT (of course, then the SAT added another test date to up its numbers). As more highly achieving students internationally and across the US (especially on the East and West coasts where test prep is especially popular) tookthe ACT, the score distribution was affected. The curve became steeper, meaning that missing just a question or two would bring down your score a lot more than it would in the past. To smooth out the curve, it seems that the ACT made the test more difficult and harder to finish. While these changes don't necessarily affect average scorers all that much, they make it more difficult for top scorers to place at a score of 31 or above. Another possible reason for making the ACT harder, as you'll see in ACT's official statement below, is to further align the test with college courses. The ACT is an admissions test meant to measure student ability and college readiness. If college classes are getting more challenging, then the ACT wants to increase its rigor to match them and ensure students' results are predictive of their success in college level courses. Let's take a look at how ACT has responded to the general consensus that the test has, in fact, gotten harder in the past few years. Spoiler: they don't say much. What ACT Says About Changes to the Test According to Brian Eufinger, the co-owner of Edison Prep, the ACT responded to his queries about the changes in the test in the following way (emphasis mine): "ACT continues to measure college and career readiness in a way that is consistent with the past. The ACT is designed to reflect the knowledge and skills that are taught in schools and deemed necessary for success in first-year college courses and workforce training courses. When those skills and constructs become more complicated and difficult over time, the ACT reflects that. Those changes tend to occur very gradually, however, not usually within a two to three year span. So we would disagree with the statement that the ACT has been slowly and steadily changing the difficulty level of the test over the past two to three years." The ACT says that the test hasn't been changing over the past two to three years, yet they also say that it will reflect when college "skills and constructs become more complicated and difficult over time." It seems like the ACT doesn't publicize big changes, like College Board is with the new SAT for 2016, but perhaps makes subtle, gradual changes over time. Apart from revealing a possible gap between what the ACT is saying and what the ACT isdoing, what does this apparent increase in difficulty level mean for your test prep? What ACT Changes Mean For Your Test Prep Since the recent ACT tests seem to be harder than those from five or so years ago, youshould be cautious with the pre-2010 practice tests that are in the Real ACT Prep Guide, or the "Red Book." They are still useful practice, but they might not be the truest representation of what you'll get or how you'll score on the real thing. Most ACT experts agree that they are easier than what you'll seetoday. Practice tests 4 and 5 will give you a more accurate sense of the test you'll be taking. The biggest changes have been seen in the Science and Reading section, so make sure to focus a good dealof yourtest prep, and especially your practice with time management, on these sections. Be discerning about the multi-step questions types and paired passage questions, and try out strategies for saving time and improving your efficiency. If you're deciding between the SAT and ACT, it's a good idea to note how you do on these sections, whether they'll be a boost to your score or a drawbackas compared to the SAT. If you're aiming for a top score, continue to be diligent about your test prep. Try to develop an intuition for how much time you spend on various questions, and make sure you're not wasting your time and energy on questions that should be answered quicklyor that won't earn youmany points. All questions contribute equally to your raw score, so focus on answering the questions you can and dividing up your time in a way that will maximize your score. Since difficulty level of questions vary, a lot of students benefit from mixing up the order of questions rather than answering them in the same order they're given. Again, practice testing will help you try out various strategies, like mixing up the order of the Reading passages, to figure out which ones are most effective for you. To sum up, let's quickly go over the most important takeaways for current and future ACT test-takers. What Are the Takeaways? Is the ACT hard? I think so. The ACT tests given today seem to be harder and more time intensive than ones given before 2010. (Lucky you.) Most of the changes are seen in the Science and Reading sections, where the questions are getting more complex and time-consuming. The ACT is not advertising any changes, so it's up to you to keep a discerning eye when you take practice tests from various years and adjust your test prep accordingly. Since the ACT is getting harder to finish, focus on trying out different strategies for pacing yourself and managing your time. Finally, if you're still deciding between the SAT and ACT, familiarize yourself with both tests and take practice tests to determine which one will help you achieve the stronger score for your college applications.Both tests are undergoing some serious changes now and in the near future. Get ahead of the game by staying on top of these changes and knowing what you, the test-taker, should expect and how you can prepare. What's Next? Not to brag, but PrepScholar has an exceptionally thorough and helpful series of study guides for the Science section of the ACT. Check out our Ultimate Study Guide to ACT Science for content review, strategies, and the overall structure you need to know. Since the ACT Reading section is getting more fast-paced, you want to show up on test day armed with a speed reading strategy. Check out our full guide on how to read the ACT Reading passages. Are you aiming for perfection on the ACT? This full 36 scorer shares his tips and inspiration for how he studied his way to a perfect score. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points?We have the industry's leading ACT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

Organizational Analysis, FMC Green River and FMC Aberdeen Essay

Organizational Analysis, FMC Green River and FMC Aberdeen - Essay Example I. FMC Aberdeen is a relatively new location for FMC that manufactures missile canisters for the Navy. It is a complex and highly technical component, but it is the only product made at Aberdeen. Aberdeen, with 100 employees, has been managed by a succession of individuals who have empowered the employees and encouraged the company to be a thinking organization. They work in teams of from 3 to 16 members, the employees are flexible, and they seek unique solutions to problems on a continual basis. This approach has worked well for Aberdeen and the present manager Roger Campbell has been very successful (Clawson 2005). The manager of FMC Green River, Kenneth Dailey, would like to incorporate some of Aberdeen's organizational models at the Green River facility. The Green River plant is over ten times the size of Aberdeen. It has been in existence for over 50 years, almost since the beginning of the parent corporation. The plant is unionized and the labor is specialized. There is not a close company social structure associated with work at Green River. Green River is a good place to work, the employees are well paid, and they have no trouble attracting qualified applicants (Clawson 2005). III. The types of jobs at the two facilities are considerably different. At Aberdeen, everyone works toward the production of one product. Though there are several stages to its production, there is a common bond to the end result. At Green River there are several products and numerous customers. There may be a separation between departments that produce the different products. Furthermore, the employees at Green River are geographically isolated within the plant. The plant at FMC Aberdeen is more adept at the management of ability due to its smaller size and limited products. The Aberdeen plant has a history of open management styles. The workforce has been hand picked to operate in this environment. They work well in teams and understand the concept of networking. The employees of Green River are Union workers who have not been exposed to an open team environment. They may not have the organizational ethics that are required for Aberdeen's organizational structure. Green River's workforce has been selected based on their qualifications, but haven't been screened for ability to work in teams or to network. This has given the FMC Aberdeen workforce a great organizational commitment with the necessary ethics, while Green River has developed a culture and an atmosphere of a rigid bureaucracy that expects others to solve the problems that are outside their job description. The Green River plant has taken on its own culture and it has become institutionalized within the organization. The geographical isolation has reduced communications and the Union structure has discouraged free thinking and acting. This has reduced both organizational commitment and job satisfaction. The employees at Green River have certain expectations of management in the way of pay, raises, and safety. In return, management gets dependability and production. Job satisfaction and organizational co

Explain how migration experiences shape gender relations among Essay

Explain how migration experiences shape gender relations among migrants - Essay Example In the context of social relations, gender is not a replacement of the term sex but rather a collective description of sexual differences that do not concern biological determinism (Wright, 2011). Gender relations are the rules of interaction and participation in society of men and women that have been generally accepted as appropriate within society and social roles as well as the division of labour (Chant, 2007). These rules differ in nature and extent depending on the culture of the persons concerned. Gender is therefore in this context perceived as an organising principle due to the socio-cultural attachment that the society accredits the participants of the particular gender. Argument The main bodies of literature on the subject of migration have a common trend that is geared toward the feminization of migration motivated by concepts such as single female breadwinners, single female breadwinners as well as low skilled women from urban backgrounds (Momsen, 2010). The issue of gen der violence motivated migration has seen women flee to areas of friendlier societal values and attributes. Migration serves to pollute in various ways the properly constructed social relations by introducing different roles motivated by the different cultures and social origins. It also causes an imbalance in the composition of society reducing the number of individuals available to perform a particular allocated social role (Momsen, 2010). Most of the migrants result to moving in response to socio-economic and political pressures and incentives. These pressures and incentives are motivated by inequalities in the countries concerned that create a need for or a promise of money or a better life. As such migration is mostly voluntary and in other cases involuntary if the migration is as a result of trafficking and response to political instability, natural disaster or armed conflict. It is still not clear as to who on behalf of the family makes the decision to migrate to different co untries. The interaction between the family hierarchies and the decision to migrate is a highly interactive relationship that determines where the family migrates to and for how long (Bouta, Frerks & Bannon, 2004). In other cases forced migration has nothing to do with the family relations. An English boy who flees his home to avoid harassment and sexual abuse or a Somali girl who crosses the border at night due to the hostility in their country do not have the time to consider the strictures of family attachments and relations. In cases of political and social hostilities such as the case of the Somali migrants the women suffer immensely through the migration journey from the harsh conditions of little food and water and extreme temperatures(Bouta, Frerks, & Bannon, 2004). The interaction with the potentially dangerous and harmful conditions as well as the use of false identification documents leads to imprisonment of the women and children or restriction to refugee camps that have extremely poor social arrangements. Further the proportion of women and children who are not recruited and used as soldiers are left to endure multiple rapes and associated injuries and infections incurred during war (Afshar & Eade, 2005). Gender relations are built on the foundation of proper social

Comparison of Two Methods of Energy Production Research Paper

Comparison of Two Methods of Energy Production - Research Paper Example The conventional methods of the power generation requires fossil fuel as the sources of the power, however, alternate resources of energy generate energy by the utilization of the sustainable resources of energy, like solar, wind, geothermal, hydrodynamic, etc. As, the population of the world is growing, the hunger of the power is growing. During the past few decades, the hunger for the power reached to a higher level (Manwell, McGowan & Rogers, 2009). The fuel prices are also rising due to the increase in the demand and shortening of the resources. Thus, the conventional power generation methods are now seem to be costly as compared to the alternate power generation methods. On the other hand, alternate methods of the power generation are not only considered as cost efficient but also environmentally responsible. In this paper, the conventional power generation methods and wind power generation method are compared according to the economic stability, environmental stability and the most appropriate future power generation methods. Coal is the compound that is mostly utilized for the generation of electrical energy. Coal is also the dirtiest type of fossil fuels due to the production of solid as well aerosol wastes. Natural gas is the cleanest form of the fossil fuels (Manwell, McGowan & Rogers, 2009). ... to change the water into super saturated steam that may have a temperature as high as 600 degrees on the Celsius scale (Manwell, McGowan & Rogers, 2009). High pressure super saturated steam is then utilized in the steam turbine engine. The high pressure super saturated steam influences the blades of the turbine to react in response to the high pressure steam. Blades are attached to the rotor that converts the steam energy into rotational motion. The rotational motion is then shifted to the electrical generator that converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. Two major types of alternating current generators are utilizing to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy; permanent magnet generators and induction generators. Both are technologies are utilized in the power generation industry depending upon the amount of power generation. Wind energy conversion system is a simple conversion method. Wind strikes with blades of the wind turbine, the turbine blades react with the influence of the wind and produces a rotation in the rotor of the turbine. The rotor rotates the armature of the generator that induces electromotive forces in the corresponding coils and thus generates the electrical current. The blades of the wind turbine are such designed to take maximum advantage form the wind and a better control and gear system ensure the higher performance from the wind turbine. Wind power generation method is becoming more popular due to the higher efficiency and greater reliability as compared to the other alternate resources. Horizontal axis wind turbines are employed by many countries to generate electrical energy (Knopper & Ollson, 2011). However, vertical axis wind turbines are gaining popularity dye to simpler design and better performance

Assignment On Human Resource Planning Business Essay

Assignment On Human Resource Planning Business Essay INTRODUCTION: In organisation it is necessary that they have enough employees and the perfect people at the right position for right time. Human Resource Planning consists of a series of activities such as Forecasting of manpower requirement in future, making an inventory of present manpower resource. Manpower planning is essential for identifying areas in which there is shortage of personnel or the areas for surplus of personnel. It is the process by which an organisation can identify the requirement of human resource. It also include that quality of employees. Human resource planning is describe as the existing staffs are the right staff to do the jobs in organisation. Some other points include planning for staff retention, planning for candidate search, training and skills analysis and much more. There are Problem of anticipating manpower by protecting manpower resource in to future, organisation have to do planning for the necessary programs of requirement, selection, training development to ensure that future manpower requirements are properly met. Human Resource Planning is necessary for some reason which is Effective manpower planning is required for every organisation to carry on the work efficiently. It is essential to change people who have grown old or retire because of that they cant do work they are suffering from dieses. Human Resource Planning is important because of changing the labour turnover that arises from social economical factors which include promotions, marriage, etc. Because of rising standards of living large quantities of goods are required by which human resource planning is not avoidable by any organisation. The present scenario is changed as the needs of technology production. Process of human resource planning:- Human resource manager has to first understand the requirement of business and demand of employees. After understanding of business requirement manager can identified the scope and nature of business so he can able to select actual employees who will fit to the requirement of future demand. Manager has good experience for selecting employees because manager is able to identify the talent of candidate so they are able to complete target of future. Designing the Management Structure:- The first step of human resource planning process is designing management structure. The main purpose of this step is for managing employees in organisation. But this step is to do as carefully and do with some experts. In this steps organisation has to designed its structure of management and organisation has to do planning for human resource for future. If organisation will change some technology or use some modern technology then organisation has enough human resource. Analysis of Environment The third step is to analysis the environment of human resource management. Manager of organisation should have to understand current environment as internal and external environment. Internal environment include some factor which are related with organisation. There are some other data like short term and long term strategies of organisation and plans for future. External environment include some information regarding to economy of country, same industry in market, modern technology, prevailing competition in market, rate of unemployment. Forecast the Demand of Human Resource. Forecasting human resource demand is important for any organisation. The main purpose for demand forecast is to determine the demand of employees in future. Organisation has to do forecasting with very carefully because it is planning for future requirement. Organisation has to prepare for future uncertainty because there will be create demand for employees in future so for that organisation has to appointed some experts for more accuracy. Analysing Supply of Human Recruiter can hire employees from internal and external sources. Recruiter can select some method for selecting employees like skill inventories method which is used for restore records of internal supply. It may be manually or computerized system. Inventory method recorded some information regarding employees skills and their ability to do work. Organisation has to analysis the supply of human resource because employees are the main for any activity of organisation. If human resource is not good then organisation can compete in recent competition. Reconciliation and Planning: Reconciliation and Planning is the final step of Human resource Planning. After collecting all the data Organisation analysis that and then doing planning for developing action plans that are acceptable by top management and employees of organisation. These plans are helpful for every employee for understanding their works. Planning is very essential for every organisation because these planning is base on future. Business Definition for strategic Capability: The Strategic capability can be defined as the resources and competences of an organisation needed for it to survive and prosper. The ability to perform at the level required to survive and prosper. The concept of capabilities in strategic management is appealing because it suggests that a companys competitiveness depends on how it does what it does, not only what market it is in. To me and most others with an engineering background this is totally obvious. Any theory that suggests otherwise seems highly implausible and is also rejected by numerous examples of companies with strong and unique engineering skills that manage to create a market for themselves based on their own capabilities. It involves identifying the capacity which are durable and competitors find difficult to imitate or obtain. At the risk of over generalisation, it is unusual for competitive advantage to be explainable by differences in the tangible resources of organisations, since from many time these can usually be imitated or traded. The main advantage is more likely to be determined in which resources are deployed to create competences in the organisations activities. So expanding the earlier definition, core competences are likely to be the skills and abilities to link activities or processes through which resources are deployed so as to achieve competitive advantage. It is under depended by the resources and competences of the organisation. It should be clear by now that the search for strategic capability that provides sustainable competitive advantage is not direct. The concept of strategic capability and integration is quit hard to understand so it does not work properly. In international business some organisational managers should not know about the requirement of strategic capability because strategic capability does not have perfect concept and it is not on the based on concept. Strategic capability is not actual but most of organisation preferred that because it helps for preparing future planning and that is very important feature and strategic capability give suggestion about human requirement. Resource and Competence-based Strategy: The main objective of organisation is satisfying their customers needs. This is a important strategy in existing market for different products. This strategy helps organisation for find out opportunities and strengths. Organisation can find out SWOT analysis it means Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. Resource and competence-based strategy give correct picture of organisation situation. In which it covers firms strengths and weaknesses and other threats and opportunities. Strength and Weakness are related with inside of the organisation and threats and Opportunities are related with outside of organisation. And that is partly because there are few pragmatic methods which are helpful for managers to see references. However the achievement of your business objectives is totally dependent on your strengths and weaknesses. It is to do with the resources of each company have enough equipment and proper knowledge so they can reduce lead time. Organisation has to improve their unique resources and managing them effectively and try to remove their weaknesses so organisation can improve their competitive position. The resource base an organisation includes tangible and human assets as well as capability which the organisation controls. This strategy is mainly concentrates on the individual for each firm that is main point which can differ organisation from other competitors. This strategy is helpful for organisation to distinguish from other and that is make competitive advantage. Dynamic Capabilities: The concept of dynamic capability includes the capacity with which to identify the need or opportunity for change, formulate a response to such a need or opportunity, and implement a course of action. Dynamic capability took the form of organisational process. Dynamic capability consists of patterned organisational behaviour that companies can invoke on a repeated rather than idiosyncratic basis. A dynamic capability is the capacity of an organisation to purposefully create, extend, or modify its resource base. Dynamic capability is very important strategic analysis tool. The definition of dynamic capability does not apply for profit and not for profit organisation. It also applies to newly formed and new developed organisation. This concept is arise from a key shortcoming of the resource-based view of the firm. Dynamic capabilities consider some points which consider they are integrated within the firm, how resources are developed. Dynamic capabilities are essential to fill these gaps by adopting some approach for resources in organisation and the changing business environment. Dynamic resources are very helpful in firm to adjust its resource mix and maintain the sustainability of the firms competitive advantage. Strategy Implementation By Human Resource:- In Recent Year, business Trial and error have gradually allowed HR to carve its niche in the business world; HR has proven that it is especially useful in the innovative development of organizational strategy. The time has change from Human Resource professionals to leave the past strategy-development and put their plans into action. The Human Resources are like as the ambiguous child of the Marketing and the Capitalism. The HR department has been always a pointed out something confusion which companies has to struggle to discover the best ways for utilize its such a value. The implement of strategy is a key element of the business for success, and HR is positioned to pioneer the realization such strategies. Linking business strategy and HR strategy The People who are recruited in an organization who are helpful for creating the business culture. They can essential to show the enterprises positions and make them different from other competitors. The quality of HRs plays a important role in the success of small and medium organization. There is only man who does the production and makes working efficiency, who boosts the working quality of enterprises. Men are not like other resources such as finance or assets, human resource are the very significant factor which builds up an enterprise and lead the enterprise development when financial resource is just the means to gain the targets prepared by enterprises. . With the help of careful selection and good management, human resources of organisation can be the key point of business success. And in visa a versa it can be the greatest risk. GAP Analysis The primary step is to decide that what the difference between actual performance and desired performance is. Gap analysis is tools for measuring differences of performance. In organisation manager can come to know that what actual difference for performance of employees so manager can take some effective steps for more improvement. The process in which can involve the identification of gaps between the current state and the future. This gap analysis can change in sophistication and complexity from some very simple averages and complex for regression analysis. The gap analysis is the process that can be used to ensure the improvement process does not move from identification of problem areas to proposed solutions without understanding the conditions that created the current state. It is desired state for beginning point of implementation of organisation improvement process. Every organization wants to be successful must have a welled structured in a way for analyzing data, gathering data and doing gap analysis. HR Strategy Business Effectiveness:- Managers tend to become clearer about how the company runs. HR needs to be accountable for conducting an organizational audit. Audit helps identify which components of the architecture should be changed in order to facilitate strategy execution. HR professionals have a unique set of perspectives and knowledge to bring to the strategy- creation, but even more important is what they could bring to the strategy-implementation. The role of HR as a strategic partner is to identify methods for renovating the parts of the organizational architecture that need it. For effective strategies HR should define an organizations architecture. In other words, it should identify the underlying model of the company. The architecture is a mix of structure, systems, styles, skills, rewards, processes, people, and shared values After the architecture is defined it needs to be articulated explicitly without such clarity. The marketplace has always published for companies that do not manifest the promise of their strategic intentions. In Human Resource manager should be assignees to take the lead in proposing, creating, and debating best practice that can help implementing strategies. Human resource must take stock of its own work and set clear priorities. At any time in the human resource, staff might have several initiatives in its sights, such as pay-for-performance, and action-learning development experiences, global team work. But to be truly to business outcomes, HR needs to join forces with line managers to continuously assess the impact and importance of each one of these initiatives. Organisational Development:- The holistic approach used for facilitate of the development of your organisational development strategy so that it effectively supports your business mission and vision. The approach of organisational development strategy development is typically assessment with the organisational development implications of your business strategy. Organisation culture has some holistic approach for the development of strategy development that ensures your organisation development. Strategy is effectively integrated with your business strategy. It will build your peoples understanding of your organizational strategy and it ensures that your business should have some adequate and effective ownership and support for the strategy. It helps you arrive at an organizational development strategy which aligns your organizational and human resource systems and processes with your business strategy. This is followed by an identification of the current state of the relevant organizational systems and processes and the commitment of the peoples actualizing attributes. The holistic approach to organizational development strategy development is influenced by key organizational development important Principles. Recruitment and selection Organization will not offer the commitment and flexibility because of many organisations are not in good condition. Managers and supervisors will have to spend more extra time on recruitment process which is needed in the first place is a systematic process to assess the role of recruiter, and the type of skills and abilities needed to fill and qualified for this process. Selection method is very important for any organisation so it may be give more concentration. Selection methods will be objective, reliable, and protected against bias. The main is Essential and desirable requirements for roles will be published in the role profile and person specification. The selection process normally consists on paper or short list and if successful than applicants are invited to interview. Some positions may require additional assessments like task/test or assessment centre. In case, details will be included in the application pack. There are any test used will have been validated in relation to the job, free of bias and the administered and assessed by a suitably competent persons. All members of recruitment panels will have received guidance/briefing on recruitment and selection techniques. Diversity The main important is existence of differences in physical capabilities, class, color, age, sex, sexual orientation, and social and political backgrounds. It is a identification of individuality, differences and variety of people working together as a whole and not put any differences which divide them. There is only one problem that some people may feel uncomfortable if they are the person from a certain minority group and have been clearly employed in organisation and they have problem related to some minority of their group. Diversity is not meaning of complex idea. Diversity means having a mixed community of people from all different of place in the society. Generally diversity and a diverse community include peoples who want to see all of them in minority groups represented in that community. These companies will have a staff which include different people of all religions, sexualities, and different ages. Diversity can also apply in organisations as well as communities of the organisation. It is illegal to discriminate against someone based on their minority group, but some companies and employers actually want as diversity committed in the organisation. How Cultural affect in recruitment selection: Requirement and selection is required for the issues in disability and training to staff for knowledgeable for the need of disability. Framework of culture can be defined as practices of recruitment and organisational management. It can be explain the relation of employees and appearance for physical fitness. That is not only consider the job description and personal specification. In this there are many aspects for equality and diversities in organisation. Recruitment and selection process consists of carefully consideration of requirement in organisation. In this process organisation should primarily contact with employees through employees information. Organisation analysis employees behaviour on daily basis. It consider diversity and equality of employees but that cannot be consideration by people action and behaviours and that cannot measure the action and behaviour of people. It is not essential for public to be able to monitor equality and diversity and give job to capable candidates. Organisation All organisations have initial management structure. It consists of determination relationship between function and positions and sub divides and delegates roles, to carry out defined task is more responsibility and authority. Organization is systems by which they can affect by the environment form their boundaries. Organization is a part of interconnected in a manner as to constitute a system identifiable as a unit or it is non random arrangement of component. It can also defined as systematic arrangement organisation people, and managed them to meet a need for achieve collective goals on a continuing basis. An organisation system is an organized parts of collection that are highly integrated in order to achieve an overall goal. There are several classes of systems and it covers from very simple frameworks that all are the way to social systems, These are the most complex in organisation. The system has various inputs which are processed to produce certain outputs, and accomplish the overall goal desired by the organization. Organisational cultural: Organisation definition is the process of continuous organizational values that is known as ideas and beliefs about what the different kinds of goals of members form an organization those should be pursued the ideas of standards of behaviourand appropriate kinds of organizational members that should be used to achieve these goals. And from organizational values develop organizational guidelines, expectations or norms that prescribe proper kinds of behaviour by employees in particular situations and control the behaviour of organizational members towards one another. Organizational culture is considering as a set of some principles that determine how people behave in the organisation premises. From the observation of different behaviours of employees are based on their beliefs, values, and assumptions that are directly affected on their actions. Managers have an perfect understanding of the organizations culture towards the activities for getting productive way and that is avoid the destructive influence of having employees who are not committed to the companys goals. The process is based on our assumptions, values and norms, which are like our values on money, time, facilities, space and people. Outputs or effects of our culture are, different as organizational technologies, behaviors, , strategies, image, products, appearance, services, etc. Legal Requirements And External Agencies: Legal job The employment opportunities in the Legal industry is to  find the legal recruitment agencies which can take place someone with your requirements the first selection is an appropriate main skill heading, it can be shown in white text with a blue background It is a legal job that can be defined as a position of employment in a legal environment, a firm of solicitors, a company of licensed conveyances, a government organisation and NGO or charity, and it is a set of barristers chambers and a local authority legal team or an in-house legal department. The importance of the definition of a legal job is really only for potential lawyers looking for legal experience. If you are unable to get a legal job than legal job can make lots of difference to your chances of success in getting work of organisation, Legal agencies by skillet and Selection of Legal Recruitment Agencies by county, Alphabetic Selection of Legal Agencies. Legal Requirement For HR Employer is restricted to provide reasonable accommodation for the religious practices of its employment, unless it can show that the accommodation would result in under its business. An employee to take time off for religious observances that are not covered by the employers established holiday schedule so that many employers offer a floating holiday to employees in addition to the regularly scheduled holidays. If organisation provides paid holidays to employees, then it does not have to count the paid hours as hours worked for purposes of determining work which are given to employees not recoded as overtime compensation. For over time any employee must have actually works for 40 hours in a week. Paid time off that considers some leave like vacation, sick leave, etc is not considered time worked. Many collective bargaining agreements include additional rules and regulation for determining overtime. In the intern scheme which is consider unpaid wages which is not for longer than four months and that covered all the work related expenses in the organisation. If employed get placement and then dont get any paid from four month than organisation have to covered all then expenses which are related with organisation. In intern ship, offered some good facility to worker, if intern ship can work proper then employees can perform properly. A placement which is unpaid can last no longer than four months, and all work-related expenses have to be covered by the organisation. Organisations that ensure their unpaid interns are not performing as workers may still be at risk if they offer some kind of enhancement. The circumstances in which an intern ship can be offered without pay are limited, and if an intern is effectively performing as a worker, the employer is obliged to pay them. For example, the opportunity of a training contract offered to unpaid interns could mean they are classed as a worker. Dismissal Dismissal covers such a wide area that it is dealt with under several separate topics in this programmed of dismissal: a judgement disposing of the matter without a trial, official notice that you have been fired from your job, permission to go; the sending away of someone. There are many reasons for that dismissal are automatically become unfair like your gender or age. If your employer dismisses employees for exercising one of your statutory legal employment rights you will have been automatically unfairly dismissed. If employees are dismissed for any of these reasons then they should be able to make a claim for unfair dismissal. The employees  have statutory employment rights include a right such as a written statement of employment particulars, a minimum notice period, parental leave, time off for dependants, the right to request flexible working arrangements, and employees are not to be discriminated against your gender, sexual orientation or age, religion or belief, protection against unlawful deductions from wages, guaranteed payment even work is not available, disability, remuneration during suspension on medical grounds, refusing to do work on a Sunday. There are many reasons for prove that your dismissal is unfair and employees have fair reasons for their dismissal. For example if all the work of employees were right and nothing wrong in their performance then its called unfair dismissed but when your employees didnt follow right process of company then it is right dismissed because in that situation there are problem of employees so it is not unfair dismissed. ACAS Disciplinary ACSA has some different disciplinary and grievance process which provide transparent and clear framework to deal with difficulties which arise for working relationship form employees. It is necessary that ACSA treat everyone in same manner and resolve problems as reasonably. But for that Employees have to follow some rules and discipline which are as follow.,1 Give reason for not achieving some standard which are decided by organisation like requirement of training, advice for knowledge.,2 Employees should have aware from standards for performance or do the work. 3 Employees should try to do resolve problem first before dismissal. 4 Employees should give true information for getting dismissal. Association of Certified Security Agency is short form of ACSA which is specially introduced for the security of industry. Its main purpose is related to assist and carry out the activity for the protection of industry. ACSA was introduced on 18 March 1997. ACSA introduced some rules and regulation for industry and employees so both can be protected from unfairness. ACSA covers some act like industry Act, Workplace Health and Safety Act, Employment Act. ACSA has helped to develop security training for industry for the benefit of employees. Conclusion I would like to conclude from the above analysis that, organization may use all types of sources to collect data and convert into proper information, through the process of statistical method and information system. In this assignment all Collection of data may start with Statistical method, so that it is easier to gather data in tabular format and then put in the process as per the decision making and get output or result in the information system where data can be store safely and access easily. All the data are more reliable so there would be low possibility to get any difference in actual situation. Some point are on the base on some practical and some are based on theory for human resource planning and other points which are related with employees in organisation.